Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate 10% is formulated by Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate with Dimethyl Isosorbide,it is a an ester form of all-trans Retinoic Acid,which are natural and synthetic derivatives of Vitamin A, capable of binding to retinoid receptors.The binding of retinoid receptors can enhance gene expression, which effectively turns key cellular functions on and off.